The Dietary Effects of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Extract on Growth, Hematological Parameters, Immunity, Antioxidant Status, and Disease Resistance of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Aeromonas hydrophila

Medicinal plants are increasingly used in aquaculture owing to their beneficial impacts on the health status of farmed fish. The current study was conducted investigate effect nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) extract growth, immunity, antioxidant parameters, and resistance common carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Aeromonas hydrophila. In addition, vitro antibacterial activity skin mucus fish fed evaluated three major pathogenic bacteria through standard disk diffusion method. Fish (17.27 ± 0.11 g) were divided into four groups experimental diets containing different levels extract, including zero (control), 0.5% (M1), 1% (M2), 2% (M3) per kg diet. Results showed that significantly enhanced growth parameters after a four-week feeding trial. Feed conversion ratio remarkably reduced with lowest value reported for M3 group, whereas weight gain notably increased M2 M3. No significant found hematological profile, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, hemoglobin, volume, hematocrit, while highest red blood cells white group. Stress biomarkers, glucose cortisol, Serum immunological higher M3, followed by M2, where also observed. samples effectively inhibited Streptococcus iniae, Yersinia ruckeri, Overall, present results suggest dietary (20 g/kg diet) could be as promotor immunostimulant carp.